abstract：:The hallmark of bubonic plague is the presence of grotesquely swollen lymph nodes, called buboes. This frenzied inflammatory response to Yersinia pestis is poorly understood. In this issue of Immunity, St. John et al. (2014) explore the mechanism by which Y. pestis spreads and thus leads to this striking lymphadenopat...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Davis KM,Isberg RR

更新日期：2014-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) release interleukin-13 (IL-13) during protective immunity to helminth infection and detrimentally during allergy and asthma. Using two mouse models to deplete ILC2s in vivo, we demonstrate that T helper 2 (Th2) cell responses are impaired in the absence of ILC2s. We show that MHCI...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Oliphant CJ,Hwang YY,Walker JA,Salimi M,Wong SH,Brewer JM,Englezakis A,Barlow JL,Hams E,Scanlon ST,Ogg GS,Fallon PG,McKenzie AN

更新日期：2014-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Disease tolerance describes the ability of an infected host to limit disease severity without negatively impacting the causative pathogen. Bessede et al. (2014) show that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor is an essential component of disease tolerance during bacterial infection in mice. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Soares MP

更新日期：2014-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Description of macrophage activation is currently contentious and confusing. Like the biblical Tower of Babel, macrophage activation encompasses a panoply of descriptors used in different ways. The lack of consensus on how to define macrophage activation in experiments in vitro and in vivo impedes progress in multiple...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Murray PJ,Allen JE,Biswas SK,Fisher EA,Gilroy DW,Goerdt S,Gordon S,Hamilton JA,Ivashkiv LB,Lawrence T,Locati M,Mantovani A,Martinez FO,Mege JL,Mosser DM,Natoli G,Saeij JP,Schultze JL,Shirey KA,Sica A,Suttles J,U

更新日期：2014-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Specification of the T helper 17 (Th17) cell lineage requires a well-defined set of transcription factors, but how these integrate with posttranscriptional and epigenetic programs to regulate gene expression is poorly understood. Here we found defective Th17 cell cytokine expression in miR-155-deficient CD4+ T cells i...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Escobar TM,Kanellopoulou C,Kugler DG,Kilaru G,Nguyen CK,Nagarajan V,Bhairavabhotla RK,Northrup D,Zahr R,Burr P,Liu X,Zhao K,Sher A,Jankovic D,Zhu J,Muljo SA

更新日期：2014-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytokines can provide survival and proliferation signals to cancer cells, thus promoting tumor progression. In this issue of Immunity, Kryczek et al. (2014) reveal that interleukin-22 can also promote "stemness" in human colorectal cancer via transcription factor STAT3-mediated epigenetic regulation of stem cell genes...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Koltsova EK,Grivennikov SI

更新日期：2014-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The intestinal mucosa promotes T cell responses that might be beneficial for effective mucosal vaccines. However, intestinal resident memory T (Trm) cell formation and function are poorly understood. We found that oral infection with Listeria monocytogenes induced a robust intestinal CD8 T cell response and blocking e...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Sheridan BS,Pham QM,Lee YT,Cauley LS,Puddington L,Lefrançois L

更新日期：2014-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Selectins play a central role in leukocyte trafficking by mediating tethering and rolling on vascular surfaces. Here we have reported that T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) is a P-selectin ligand. We have shown that human and murine TIM-1 binds to P-selectin, and that TIM-1 mediates tethering and rollin...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Angiari S,Donnarumma T,Rossi B,Dusi S,Pietronigro E,Zenaro E,Della Bianca V,Toffali L,Piacentino G,Budui S,Rennert P,Xiao S,Laudanna C,Casasnovas JM,Kuchroo VK,Constantin G

更新日期：2014-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimicrobial agents secreted into urine potentially play a powerful role in the defense of the urinary tract. In this issue of Immunity, Jaillon et al. (2014) describe a role for pentraxin 3 molecules in complementing the host's cellular innate immune responses to uropathogens. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Miao Y,Abraham SN

更新日期：2014-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are increasingly implicated in regulating pathogen-sensing pathways. In this issue of Immunity, Zhang et al. (2014) describe a role for NLRC3 in regulating STING and the inflammatory response to cytosolic DNA. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Mangan MS,Latz E

更新日期：2014-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimulator of interferon genes (STING, also named MITA, MYPS, or ERIS) is an intracellular DNA sensor that induces type I interferon through its interaction with TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). Here we found that the nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich-repeat-containing protein, NLRC3, reduced STING-dependent innate immune...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Zhang L,Mo J,Swanson KV,Wen H,Petrucelli A,Gregory SM,Zhang Z,Schneider M,Jiang Y,Fitzgerald KA,Ouyang S,Liu ZJ,Damania B,Shu HB,Duncan JA,Ting JP

更新日期：2014-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Activated T cells must mediate effector responses sufficiently to clear pathogens while avoiding excessive tissue damage. Here we have combined dynamic intravital microscopy with ex vivo assessments of T cell cytokine responses to generate a detailed spatiotemporal picture of CD4(+) T cell effector regulation in the s...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Honda T,Egen JG,Lämmermann T,Kastenmüller W,Torabi-Parizi P,Germain RN

更新日期：2014-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Many hematopoietic cell types express CD1d and are capable of presenting glycolipid antigens to invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells). However, the question of which cells are the principal presenters of glycolipid antigens in vivo remains controversial, and it has been suggested that this might vary depending...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Arora P,Baena A,Yu KO,Saini NK,Kharkwal SS,Goldberg MF,Kunnath-Velayudhan S,Carreño LJ,Venkataswamy MM,Kim J,Lazar-Molnar E,Lauvau G,Chang YT,Liu Z,Bittman R,Al-Shamkhani A,Cox LR,Jervis PJ,Veerapen N,Besra GS,Por

更新日期：2014-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of Immunity, Campbell et al. (2014) demonstrate that hypoxia caused by the respiratory burst of infiltrating neutrophils activates hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) in epithelial cells and protects the mucosa cells in an experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Borregaard N

更新日期：2014-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a cytosolic DNA sensor mediating innate antimicrobial immunity. It catalyzes the synthesis of a noncanonical cyclic dinucleotide, 2',5' cGAMP, that binds to STING and mediates the activation of TBK1 and IRF-3. Activated IRF-3 translocates to the nucleus and initiates the transcription...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Li X,Shu C,Yi G,Chaton CT,Shelton CL,Diao J,Zuo X,Kao CC,Herr AB,Li P

更新日期：2013-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The peptidoglycan sensor Nod2 and the autophagy protein ATG16L1 have been linked to Crohn's disease (CD). Although Nod2 and the related sensor, Nod1, direct ATG16L1 to initiate anti-bacterial autophagy, whether ATG16L1 affects Nod-driven inflammation has not been examined. Here, we uncover an unanticipated autophagy-i...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Sorbara MT,Ellison LK,Ramjeet M,Travassos LH,Jones NL,Girardin SE,Philpott DJ

更新日期：2013-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription factor Blimp-1 regulates the overall accumulation of virus-specific CD8⁺ T cells during acute viral infections. We found that increased proliferation and survival of Blimp-1-deficient CD8⁺ T cells resulted from sustained expression of CD25 and CD27 and persistent cytokine responsiveness. Silencing of...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Shin HM,Kapoor V,Guan T,Kaech SM,Welsh RM,Berg LJ

更新日期：2013-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection improves immune function and eliminates the risk of AIDS-related complications but does not restore full health. HIV-infected adults have excess risk of cardiovascular, liver, kidney, bone, and neurologic diseases. Many markers of inflammation are elevated in HIV di...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Deeks SG,Tracy R,Douek DC

更新日期：2013-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:CD4⁺ T cell differentiation is regulated by specialized antigen-presenting cells. Dendritic cells (DCs) produce cytokines that promote naive CD4⁺ T cell differentiation into T helper 1 (Th1), Th17, and inducible T regulatory (iTreg) cells. However, the initiation of Th2 cell responses remains poorly understood, althou...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Gao Y,Nish SA,Jiang R,Hou L,Licona-Limón P,Weinstein JS,Zhao H,Medzhitov R

更新日期：2013-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:NOD2 is an intracellular sensor that contributes to immune defense and inflammation. Here we investigated whether NOD2 mediates its effects through control of microRNAs (miRNAs). miR-29 expression was upregulated in human dendritic cells (DCs) in response to NOD2 signals, and miR-29 regulated the expression of multipl...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Brain O,Owens BM,Pichulik T,Allan P,Khatamzas E,Leslie A,Steevels T,Sharma S,Mayer A,Catuneanu AM,Morton V,Sun MY,Jewell D,Coccia M,Harrison O,Maloy K,Schönefeldt S,Bornschein S,Liston A,Simmons A

更新日期：2013-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune sensing of DNA is critical for antiviral immunity but can also trigger autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus (LE). Here we have provided evidence for the involvement of a damage-associated DNA modification in the detection of cytosolic DNA. The oxidized base 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG), a marker of oxi...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Gehrke N,Mertens C,Zillinger T,Wenzel J,Bald T,Zahn S,Tüting T,Hartmann G,Barchet W

更新日期：2013-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are important cellular components in the cancer microenvironment and may affect cancer phenotype and patient outcome. The nature of MDSCs and their interaction with CSCs in ovarian carcinoma are unclear. We examined the interaction between MDSCs and...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Cui TX,Kryczek I,Zhao L,Zhao E,Kuick R,Roh MH,Vatan L,Szeliga W,Mao Y,Thomas DG,Kotarski J,Tarkowski R,Wicha M,Cho K,Giordano T,Liu R,Zou W

更新日期：2013-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Memory T cells protect hosts from pathogen reinfection, but how these cells emerge from a pool of antigen-experienced T cells is unclear. Here, we show that mice lacking the transcription factor Foxo1 in activated CD8+ T cells have defective secondary, but not primary, responses to Listeria monocytogenes infection. Co...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Kim MV,Ouyang W,Liao W,Zhang MQ,Li MO

更新日期：2013-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) is crucial for the maintenance and function of group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which are important in gut immunity. Because Ahr promotes T helper 17 (Th17) cell differentiation in vitro, it is reasonable to expect that Ahr would enhance Th17 cells in vivo. Instead, we show that Ah...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Qiu J,Guo X,Chen ZM,He L,Sonnenberg GF,Artis D,Fu YX,Zhou L

更新日期：2013-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Autophagy constitutes a mechanism for the sequestration and lysosomal degradation of various cytoplasmic structures, including damaged organelles and invading microorganisms. Autophagy not only represents an essential cell-intrinsic mechanism to protect against internal and external stress conditions but also shapes c...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Ma Y,Galluzzi L,Zitvogel L,Kroemer G

更新日期：2013-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cell (DC) activation is essential for the induction of immune defense against pathogens, yet needs to be tightly controlled to avoid chronic inflammation and exaggerated immune responses. Here, we identify a mechanism of immune homeostasis by which adaptive immunity, once triggered, tempers DC activation and...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Carrera Silva EA,Chan PY,Joannas L,Errasti AE,Gagliani N,Bosurgi L,Jabbour M,Perry A,Smith-Chakmakova F,Mucida D,Cheroutre H,Burstyn-Cohen T,Leighton JA,Lemke G,Ghosh S,Rothlin CV

更新日期：2013-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous analyses of large patient cohorts identified specific patterns of immune activation associated with patient survival. We established these as the immune contexture, encompassing the type, functional orientation, density, and location of adaptive immune cells within distinct tumor regions. Based on the immune ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Galon J,Angell HK,Bedognetti D,Marincola FM

更新日期：2013-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Memory CD8+ T cell quantity and quality determine protective efficacy against reinfection. Heterologous prime boost vaccination minimizes contraction of anamnestic effectors and maximizes memory CD8+ T cell quantity but reportedly erodes proliferative potential and protective efficacy. This study exploited heterologou...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Fraser KA,Schenkel JM,Jameson SC,Vezys V,Masopust D

更新日期：2013-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:According to the traditional view, atherosclerosis results from a passive buildup of cholesterol in the artery wall. Yet, burgeoning evidence implicates inflammation and immune effector mechanisms in the pathogenesis of this disease. Both innate and adaptive immunity operate during atherogenesis and link many traditio...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Libby P,Lichtman AH,Hansson GK

更新日期：2013-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The stromal scaffold of the lymph node (LN) paracortex is built by fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs). Conditional ablation of lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR) expression in LN FRCs and their mesenchymal progenitors in developing LNs revealed that LTβR-signaling in these cells was not essential for the formation of LNs....

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Chai Q,Onder L,Scandella E,Gil-Cruz C,Perez-Shibayama C,Cupovic J,Danuser R,Sparwasser T,Luther SA,Thiel V,Rülicke T,Stein JV,Hehlgans T,Ludewig B

更新日期：2013-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:In comparison to murine dendritic cells (DCs), less is known about the function of human DCs in tissues. Here, we analyzed, by using lung tissues from humans and humanized mice, the role of human CD1c(+) and CD141(+) DCs in determining the type of CD8(+) T cell immunity generated to live-attenuated influenza virus (LA...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Yu CI,Becker C,Wang Y,Marches F,Helft J,Leboeuf M,Anguiano E,Pourpe S,Goller K,Pascual V,Banchereau J,Merad M,Palucka K

更新日期：2013-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Why patients with chronic kidney disease have elevated cardiovascular risk remains elusive. In this issue of Immunity, Speer et al. (2013) show that natural modification of high density lipoprotein promotes hypertension through a Toll-like receptor-dependent mechanism. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Moore KJ,Fisher EA

更新日期：2013-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:La Crosse virus (LACV), a zoonotic Bunyavirus, is a major cause of pediatric viral encephalitis in the United States. A hallmark of neurological diseases caused by LACV and other encephalitic viruses is the induction of neuronal cell death. Innate immune responses have been implicated in neuronal damage, but no mechan...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Mukherjee P,Woods TA,Moore RA,Peterson KE

更新日期：2013-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of Immunity, Schweighoffer et al. (2013) report that full BAFF responsiveness in B cells requires the tyrosine kinase Syk and that BAFF may co-opt components of the B cell receptor in transmitting its survival signal. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Infantino S,Tarlinton DM

更新日期：2013-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Monocytes and macrophages are important effectors and regulators of inflammation, and both can be divided into distinct subsets based on their phenotypes. The developmental and functional relationship between individual subsets of monocytes and those of macrophages has not been fully elucidated, although Ly6C(+)CCR2(+...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Egawa M,Mukai K,Yoshikawa S,Iki M,Mukaida N,Kawano Y,Minegishi Y,Karasuyama H

更新日期：2013-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:As humans age, their T cell repertoire becomes dominated by cells exhibiting "memory" characteristics. In this issue of Immunity, Su et al. (2013) demonstrate that a large percentage of virus-specific CD4(+) T cells also exhibit a memory phenotype in unexposed adults. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Nolz JC,Harty JT

更新日期：2013-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Knowledge of the regional tissue distribution of T cell subsets is a prerequisite for understanding protective immunity and the pathophysiology of T cell-mediated diseases. In this issue of Immunity, Sathaliyawala et al. (2012) present a comprehensive human tissue T cell analysis. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Neuenhahn M,Busch DH

更新日期：2013-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Mast cells are tissue-resident immune cells that play a central role in allergic disease. These contributions are largely dependent on the acquisition of antigen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE). Despite this requirement, studies of mast cell and IgE interactions have overlooked the mechanism by which mast cells acquir...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Cheng LE,Hartmann K,Roers A,Krummel MF,Locksley RM

更新日期：2013-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Colony stimulating factor-1 (Csf-1) receptor and its ligand Csf-1 control macrophage development, maintenance, and function. The development of both Langerhans cells (LCs) and microglia is highly dependent on Csf-1 receptor signaling but independent of Csf-1. Here we show that in both mice and humans, interleukin-34 (...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Greter M,Lelios I,Pelczar P,Hoeffel G,Price J,Leboeuf M,Kündig TM,Frei K,Ginhoux F,Merad M,Becher B

更新日期：2012-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulation of actin dynamics is pivotal for cellular processes such as cell adhesion, migration, and phagocytosis and thus is crucial for neutrophils to fulfill their roles in innate immunity. Many factors have been implicated in signal-induced actin polymerization, but the essential nature of the potential negati...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Sakai J,Li J,Subramanian KK,Mondal S,Bajrami B,Hattori H,Jia Y,Dickinson BC,Zhong J,Ye K,Chang CJ,Ho YS,Zhou J,Luo HR

更新日期：2012-12-14 00:00:00